3/14/2023 0 Comments Chimpanzee iq![]() ![]() ![]() It turns out that they share some of our brain power as well. We share almost 99 percent of our DNA (the little bits of genetic code that make us who we are) with them. Smartest Animals: Chimpanzees Chimpanzees are our closest living relatives, so its no surprise they make the list for most intelligent animals. Why are chimpanzees the most intelligent animal? 8 What are the enemies of a chimpanzee?.7 What is the average IQ of a chimpanzee?.2 Is a chimpanzee smarter than a human?. ![]() 1 Why are chimpanzees the most intelligent animal?.This acceleration went side by side with the development of tools, the use of fire and undoubtedly communication within small groups. But in the hominin lineage, it increased much more quickly than in other primates. The rate of blood flow to the brain appears to have increased over time in all primate lineages. This indicates each gram of brain matter was using almost twice as much energy, evidently due to greater synaptic activity and information processing. How our species got smarter: through a rush of blood to the headīetween the 4.4 million year old Ardipithecus and Homo sapiens, brains became almost five times larger, but blood flow rate grew more than nine times larger. For hominins, the growth was even quicker than in other primates. This suggests the metabolic intensity of primate brains – the amount of energy each gram of brain matter consumes each second – increased faster than expected as brain size increased. In mammals, doubling the size of an organ will normally increase its metabolic rate only by a factor of about 1.7. This is unexpected because the metabolic rate of most organs increases more slowly with organ size. This means if the size of the brain doubles, the rate of blood flow also doubles. In humans and many other living primates, the rate of internal carotid artery blood flow appears to be directly proportional to brain size. Over time, the brains of our ancestors required more and more energy. The size of the internal carotid arteries can be found by measuring the size of the holes that allow them through the base of the skull. We initially established the relationship between blood flow rate and artery size from 50 studies involving ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging of mammals. The rate of flow is in turn related to how much oxygen an organ requires. Just as a plumber would install larger water pipes to accommodate a higher flow rate to a larger building, the circulatory system adjusts the sizes of blood vessels to match the rate of blood flow in them. The size of these arteries is related to the rate of blood flow through them. The blood flow to the cognitive part of the brain, the cerebrum, comes through two internal carotid arteries. It is the same with the brain: the higher the cognitive function, the higher the metabolic rate, the greater the blood flow and the larger the arteries that supply the blood. The greater a computer’s capacity, the more power it needs to stay running – and the bigger its electrical supply cables need to be. In this regard, we can view the brain as a rather energy-expensive supercomputer. This changes remarkably little, whether a person is awake, asleep, exercising or solving tricky maths problems. The human brain requires about 10 mL of blood every second. Because blood supplies essential oxygen to the brain, it’s closely related to synaptic energy use. To understand how much energy the brains of our ancestors used, we focused on the rate of blood flow to the brain. Human intelligence: why are we the smartest primates? Some 70% of that energy is used by the synapses to produce neurochemicals that transfer information between neurons. Although it occupies only 2% of the body, the brain uses about 20% of the energy of a resting person. The human brain contains more than 80 billion neurons and up to 1,000 trillion synapses. The synapses are the sites of information processing, much like the transistor switches of a computer. Information processing in the brain involves nerve cells (neurons) and the connections between them (synapses). Other studies of mammals in general indicate the brain’s metabolic rate – how much energy it needs to run – is nearly proportional to its size. This is not an unreasonable assumption for living primates, the number of nerve cells in the brain is almost proportional to the brain’s volume. Researchers have often assumed increases in intelligence in human ancestors (hominins) occurred as brains grew larger. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |